New courses in Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Scienceshttp://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/index.htm2009-07-02MIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduen-USContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmA laboratory subject intended to illustrate, by means of hands-on projects, the basic dynamical and physical principles which govern the general circulation of the atmosphere and the day-to-day sequence of weather events. Real-time meteorological observations are studied together with laboratory fluid experiments. Projects based on real-time observations stress the analysis and dynamical interpretation of the real phenomena, while complementary rotating tank experiments stress planning and testing of ideas in a more controlled laboratory environment. Written critical summaries of the results of each project and oral presentations are an integral part of the subject.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-307Spring-2009/CourseHome/index.htmMarshall, JohnIllari, Lodovica2009-06-30T10:17:57-04:0012.307en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesAtmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, GeneralHurricane GustavBaroclinic instabilityHydrostatic balanceMass and WindGeostrophic/Ageostrophic FlowThermohaline CirculationOcean gyresStress-driven circulation and Ekman layersAtmospheric General circulationPerrot's bathtub experimentEkman layersSlope of a frontal surfaceThermal Wind and Hadley CirculationTaylor Columnsinertial CirclesParabolic tableRadial inflowConvectionRotation stiffens fluidsMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThis is a freshman advising seminar. The professor of a FAS is the first year advisor to the (no more than 8) students in the seminar. The use of Global Positioning System (GPS) in a wide variety of applications has exploded in the last few years. In this seminar we will explore how GPS works, the range of applications, and the conflict between civilian users and military planners. This seminar is followed by a UROP research project in the spring semester where results from precise GPS measurements will be analyzed and displayed on the Web.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-S56Fall-2008/CourseHome/index.htmHerring, Thomas2009-06-30T01:09:51-04:0012.S56en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesSurveying Engineeringmilitarygeophysicsmeteorologynavigationglobal positioning systemGPSMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThe laws of classical mechanics and thermodynamics are used to explore how the properties of fluids on a rotating Earth manifest themselves in, and help shape, the global patterns of atmospheric winds, ocean currents, and the climate of the Earth. Theoretical discussion focuses on the physical processes involved. Underlying mechanisms are illustrated through laboratory demonstrations, using a rotating table, and through analysis of atmospheric and oceanic data.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-003Fall-2008/CourseHome/index.htmFerrari, Raffaele 2009-06-17T03:24:35-04:0012.003en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesAtmospheric Physics and Dynamicsthermohaline circulationAbyssal circulationinhomogeneitygeostrophic and hydrostatic balancesalinityseawateroceanHadley circulationRossby numberCoriolis forceEkman layerTaylor-Proudman TheoremGeostrophic motionradial inflowcompressible flowIncompressible flowHydrostatic balanceFluids in motionWindsPressure and geopotential heightTemperatureConvective cloudsHumidityadiabatic lapse rateConvectionpressure and densityAtmospheric layersgreenhouse gasesgreenhouse effectglobal energy balanceCharacteristics of the atmosphereMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmMeets with graduate subject 12.840, but assignments differ. See description under subject 12.840. From the course home page: Course Description This course introduces students to climate studies, including beginnings of the solar system, time scales, and climate in human history; methods for detecting climate change, including proxies, ice cores, instrumental records, and time series analysis; physical and chemical processes in climate, including primordial atmosphere, ozone chemistry, carbon and oxygen cycles, and heat and water budgets; internal feedback mechanisms, including ice, aerosols, water vapor, clouds, and ocean circulation; climate forcing, including orbital variations, volcanism, plate tectonics, and solar variability; climate models and mechanisms of variability, including energy balance, coupled models, and global ocean and atmosphere models; and outstanding problems.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-842Fall-2008/CourseHome/index.htmWunsch, CarlEmanuel, KerryBoyle, Edward2009-06-17T03:24:24-04:0012.84212.301en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesGeophysics and SeismologyAtmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Generalenergy balanceclimate modelsolar variabilitysolar systemplate tectonicsvolcanismorbital variationsocean circulationcloudswater vaporaerosolsheat and water budgetscarbon and oxygen cyclesozone chemistryprimordial atmosphereice coresproxiesclimate changeclimateMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmMeets with graduate subject 12.840, but assignments differ. See description under subject 12.840. From the course home page: Course Description This course introduces students to climate studies, including beginnings of the solar system, time scales, and climate in human history; methods for detecting climate change, including proxies, ice cores, instrumental records, and time series analysis; physical and chemical processes in climate, including primordial atmosphere, ozone chemistry, carbon and oxygen cycles, and heat and water budgets; internal feedback mechanisms, including ice, aerosols, water vapor, clouds, and ocean circulation; climate forcing, including orbital variations, volcanism, plate tectonics, and solar variability; climate models and mechanisms of variability, including energy balance, coupled models, and global ocean and atmosphere models; and outstanding problems.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-842Fall-2008/CourseHome/index.htmWunsch, CarlEmanuel, KerryBoyle, Edward2009-06-17T03:24:24-04:0012.84212.301en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesGeophysics and SeismologyAtmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, Generalenergy balanceclimate modelsolar variabilitysolar systemplate tectonicsvolcanismorbital variationsocean circulationcloudswater vaporaerosolsheat and water budgetscarbon and oxygen cyclesozone chemistryprimordial atmosphereice coresproxiesclimate changeclimateMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmExamination of the state of knowledge of planetary formation, beginning with planetary nebulas and continuing through accretion (from gas, to dust, to planetesimals, to planetary embryos, to planets). Processes of planetary differentiation, crust formation, atmospheric degassing, and surface water condensation. Integrated discussions of compositional and physical processes, based upon observations from our solar system and from exoplanets. Focus on terrestrial (rocky and metallic) planets, though more volatile-rich bodies are also examined. Includes regular readings from literature, lectures, discussion, and problem solving.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-472Fall-2008/CourseHome/index.htmElkins-Tanton, Lindy2009-06-01T04:44:30-04:0012.472en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesPlanetary Astronomy and Sciencebiosignatureshabitabilityvolatilesmagma ocean processessurface wateratmospheric degassingdust accretionembryosplanetesimalsnebulasplanetary formationplanetsMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmFocuses on element distribution in rocks and minerals using data obtained from natural and experimental systems. Emphasizes models describing trace-element partitioning and applications of trace-element geochemistry to problems in igneous geology. From the course home page: Course Description The emphasis of this course is to use Trace Element Geochemistry to understand the origin and evolution of igneous rocks. The approach is to discuss the parameters that control partitioning of trace elements between phases and to develop models for the partitioning of trace elements between phases in igneous systems, especially between minerals and melt. Subsequently, published papers that are examples of utilizing Trace Element Geochemistry are read and discussed.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-479Spring-2009/CourseHome/index.htmFrey, Frederick2009-05-05T11:02:20-04:0012.479en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesGeochemistry and Petrologysimple melt-solid systemspartition coefficientmeltmineraligneous rockstrace element geochemistryMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThis class examines tools, data, and ideas related to past climate changes as seen in marine, ice core, and continental records. The most recent climate changes (mainly the past 500,000 years, ranging up to about 2 million years ago) will be emphasized. Quantitative tools for the examination of paleoceanographic data will be introduced (statistics, factor analysis, time series analysis, simple climatology).http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-740Spring-2008/CourseHome/index.htmBoyle, Edward2009-05-12T01:16:44-04:0012.740en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesPaleoceanographyOceanography, Chemical and PhysicalAtmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, OtherSalinityOcean ChemistryAtmospheric Carbon DioxidePaleothermometryPaleoclimatologyPaleoceanographyCoral ReefsOxygen Isotopeenvironmental historyearth-surface environmentintergalacial cyclesglacial cyclesmineralogical changesgeochemical changessimple climatologytime series analysisfactor analysisstatisticspaleoceanographic datacontinental recordsice core recordsmarine recordsclimate changeorbital forcingcirculationocean temperatureatmospheric chemistryseawater compositionisotopicMicropaleontologicalcoralsice coresdeep-sea sedimentsMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThis course provides an introduction to the study of environmental phenomena that exhibit both organized structure and wide variability---i.e., complexity. Through focused study of a variety of physical, biological, and chemical problems in conjunction with theoretical models, we learn a series of lessons with wide applicability to understanding the structure and organization of the natural world. Students will also learn how to construct minimal mathematical, physical, and computational models that provide informative answers to precise questions.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-086Fall-2008/CourseHome/index.htmRothman, Daniel2009-04-05T11:14:28-04:0012.08612.586en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental Healthbiogeochemical cyclesfood websmetabolic scalingecological dynamicsuniversalityscalingfractalspercolation theorydrainage basinsriver networksMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThis course provides an introduction to the study of environmental phenomena that exhibit both organized structure and wide variability---i.e., complexity. Through focused study of a variety of physical, biological, and chemical problems in conjunction with theoretical models, we learn a series of lessons with wide applicability to understanding the structure and organization of the natural world. Students will also learn how to construct minimal mathematical, physical, and computational models that provide informative answers to precise questions.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-086Fall-2008/CourseHome/index.htmRothman, Daniel2009-04-05T11:14:28-04:0012.08612.586en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesEnvironmental Healthbiogeochemical cyclesfood websmetabolic scalingecological dynamicsuniversalityscalingfractalspercolation theorydrainage basinsriver networksMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmThis course introduces programming languages and techniques used by physical scientists: FORTRAN, C, C++, Matlab, and Mathematica. Emphasis is placed on program design, algorithm development and verification, and comparative advantages and disadvantages of different languages.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Earth--Atmospheric--and-Planetary-Sciences/12-010Fall-2008/CourseHome/index.htmHerring, ThomasHill, Chris2009-03-09T01:30:52-04:0012.010en-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesComputational Mathematicsmethods of dissemination and verificationnumerical analysisexamination of data with visualization techniquescomparative advantages and disadvantages of different languagesalgorithm development and verificationprogram designMathematicaMatlabC++CFORTRANtechniques used by physical scientistsprogramming languagesMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htmIntroduces scientific, economic, and ecological issues underlying the threat of global climate change, and the institutions engaged in negotiating an international response. Develops an integrated approach to analysis of climate change processes, and assessment of proposed policy measures, drawing on research and model development within the MIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change.http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/Sloan-School-of-Management/15-023JSpring-2008/CourseHome/index.htmJacoby, HenryLee, EunjeeFranck, TravisWebster, MortPrinn, Ronald2009-01-07T11:00:24-05:0015.023JESD.128J12.848Jen-USEarth, Atmospheric, and Planetary SciencesAtmospheric Sciences and Meteorology, GeneralMIT Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Changeresearch and model developmentpolicy measuresclimate change processesinternational responsethreatecological issuesscience and policyeconomicsglobal climate changeSloan School of ManagementEngineering Systems DivisionMIT OpenCourseWare http://ocw.mit.eduContent within individual OCW courses is (c) by the individual authors unless otherwise noted. MIT OpenCourseWare materials are licensed by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology under a Creative Commons License (Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike). For further information see http://ocw.mit.edu/OcwWeb/web/terms/terms/index.htm